记录第一次安装archlinux

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my device

Terminal window
Host: RedmiBook Pro 15
CPU: 11th Gen Intel i5-11300H (8) @ 4.400GHz
GPU: Intel TigerLake-LP GT2 [Iris Xe Graphics]

USB drive install ventory

copy archlinux image to ventory push USB driver in target computer

Enter BIOS(UEFI)

reboot from USB driver, then choose archlinux grub2

Here CLI

以下分区、mktable、mkfs、mkswap 会清空选中磁盘/分区的数据。这是当时的全盘安装记录，不适用于保留现有系统的双启动操作。只在已确认的目标空盘，或已决定擦除且备份并验证恢复的目标盘上继续；不要照抄历史设备名 /dev/nvme0n1。先备份重要数据，断开不需要的外置盘，并用设备型号、序列号、容量和挂载点核对目标。不能确认时停止，不执行分区或格式化。

下面保留当时的交互笔记，但使用由你手动填写并确认的 $DISK、$ROOT_PART、$SWAP_PART、$EFI_PART。先完成独立的只读确认步骤，分区完成后再核对各分区对应关系；整段笔记包含交互命令和配置摘录，不是可整块执行的 shell 脚本。

Terminal window
lsblk -o NAME,PATH,SIZE,MODEL,SERIAL,FSTYPE,MOUNTPOINTS
read -r -p '已备份并核对型号/序列号后，输入待擦除整盘的绝对路径: ' DISK
[[ -b "$DISK" ]] || { printf '不是块设备，停止。\n'; exit 1; }
lsblk -o NAME,PATH,SIZE,MODEL,SERIAL,FSTYPE,MOUNTPOINTS "$DISK"
read -r -p "确认擦除 $DISK？请再次输入完整路径: " CONFIRM_DISK
[[ "$CONFIRM_DISK" == "$DISK" ]] || { printf '未确认，停止。\n'; exit 1; }
Terminal window
# if font small
setfont ter-132n


systemctl stop reflector.service


iwctl
device list
station wlan0 scan
station wlan0 get-networks
station wlan0 connect WIFI
exit


ping www.bilibili.com
timedatectl set-ntp true


lsblk
parted "$DISK"
(parted)mktable
New disk label type? gpt
quit
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cfdisk "$DISK"
# then set partition and its type
# set 1G EFI system
# set 4G swap
# set [the rest space] linux root x86-64
# quit
fdisk -l "$DISK"


# 分区后逐一手动输入实际路径；不要假定分区编号顺序。
read -r -p '核对后的 Linux root 分区绝对路径: ' ROOT_PART
read -r -p '核对后的 swap 分区绝对路径: ' SWAP_PART
read -r -p '核对后的 EFI 分区绝对路径: ' EFI_PART
for PART in "$ROOT_PART" "$SWAP_PART" "$EFI_PART"; do
    [[ -b "$PART" ]] || { printf '分区路径不是块设备，停止。\n'; exit 1; }
done
[[ "$ROOT_PART" != "$SWAP_PART" && "$ROOT_PART" != "$EFI_PART" && "$SWAP_PART" != "$EFI_PART" ]] || exit 1
lsblk -o NAME,PATH,SIZE,TYPE,FSTYPE,MOUNTPOINTS "$DISK"
# 继续前人工确认三个分区都属于目标盘、类型正确且未挂载；上面的 -b 检查不证明这一点。
read -r -p '输入 FORMAT 确认清空上述三个分区: ' CONFIRM_FORMAT
[[ "$CONFIRM_FORMAT" == FORMAT ]] || exit 1


# linux root x86-64
mkfs.ext4 "${ROOT_PART:?先核对并设置 ROOT_PART}"
# swap
mkswap "${SWAP_PART:?先核对并设置 SWAP_PART}"
# EFI system
mkfs.fat -F 32 "${EFI_PART:?先核对并设置 EFI_PART}"


# keep linux root x86-64 first
mount "$ROOT_PART" /mnt
mkdir /mnt/efi
mount "$EFI_PART" /mnt/efi
swapon "$SWAP_PART"


vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
  # Put in the first line
  Server = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch


pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux linux-headers linux-firmware
pacstrap /mnt dhcpcd iwd vim bash-completion


genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab


arch-chroot /mnt
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc


vim /etc/locale.gen
  # uncomment en_US.UTF-8 an zh_CN.UTF-8


locale-gen
echo 'LANG=en_US.UTF-8'  > /etc/locale.conf
vim /etc/hostname
  ark233
vim /etc/hosts
  127.0.0.1   localhost
  ::1         localhost
  127.0.1.1   ark233


passwd root
pacman -S intel-ucode
# or pacman -S amd-ucode
pacman -S grub efibootmgr
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB
vim /etc/default/grub
  # set GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT loglevel=5
# i missed this command in the first installation xD
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg


exit
umount -R  /mnt
# pull out USB driver
reboot


# accomplished

after installation

Terminal window
setfont -d


vim ~/.bash_profile
export EDITOR='vim'


useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash arch
passwd arch
# still in CLI
EDITOR=vim visudo
  # uncomment %wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL


vim /etc/pacman.conf
  # unmount [multilib] section
  # add these
  [archlinuxcn]
  Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch
  Server = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch
  Server = https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch
  Server = https://repo.huaweicloud.com/archlinuxcn/$arch


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sudo pacman-key --lsign-key "farseerfc@archlinux.org"
sudo pacman -S archlinuxcn-keyring
sudo pacman -S paru


pacman -Syyu




# learn from https://medium.com/@mynameised/using-keyd-in-hyprland-to-rebind-your-right-alt-key-to-escape-linux-782086c81c75
sudo paru -S keyd
sudo vim /etc/keyd/default.conf
  [ids]


  *


  [main]
  # hold is control, tap is esc
  capslock = overload(control, esc)


vim ~/.config/hypr/hyprland.conf
  # add these
  exec-once = sudo keyd


paru -S fcitx5-im fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-pinyin-zhwiki
# add pinyin
# ctrl+space switch


vim /etc/environment
  GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
  # or choose setting as https://fcitx-im.org/wiki/Using_Fcitx_5_on_Wayland#GTK_IM_MODULE
  QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
  XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx


# from https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv24998287/
paru -S xorg-xrdb
vim ~/.config/hyprland.conf
  monitor = ,highres,auto,2
  # exec-once = xprop -root -f _XWAYLAND_GLOBAL_OUTPUT_SCALE 32c -set _XWAYLAND_GLOBAL_OUTPUT_SCALE 2
  # exec-once = echo 'Xft.dpi:192' | xrdb -merge
  env = GDK_SCALE,2
  env = XCURSOR_SIZE,32


# Chrome
# Go to chrome://flags and search for Preferred Ozone platform. From the drop-down menu, select Wayland and restart Chrome.
# enable Wayland text-input-v3


paru -S sof-firmware linux-firmware

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